When You Actually Need to Convert PDF to PDF/A
PDF/A is required by courts and archives but unnecessary for most use cases. Here's how to tell which situation you're in.
PDF/A is mandatory for certain document submissions but unnecessary noise for everyday use. Here's how to tell the difference.
You need PDF/A when
- A submission system explicitly requires it. Court e-filing portals, university thesis submission systems, government regulatory filings, patent applications often demand PDF/A.
- You're archiving for long-term preservation. Documents you need to be openable in 20, 50, or 100 years should be PDF/A.
- Internal compliance policy mandates it. Some industries (legal, financial, healthcare) require PDF/A for records that must be retained for regulatory periods.
You don't need PDF/A when
- Sharing a document with a colleague this week. Regular PDF is fine.
- Emailing a contract to a client. Regular PDF.
- Posting a resume to a job portal. Regular PDF (unless the portal specifies otherwise).
- General everyday document sharing. Regular PDF.
PDF/A isn't "better" — it's stricter. Stripping out features (encryption, JavaScript, multimedia) that you might actually want for normal documents.
How to convert
SwitchPDF PDF to PDF/A runs Ghostscript's PDF/A pipeline. Upload your regular PDF, click Convert, download. Takes about 10 seconds for typical documents.
The conversion:
- Embeds all fonts (some get larger but ensure forward compatibility)
- Removes encryption (PDF/A forbids it)
- Strips JavaScript and embedded multimedia
- Normalizes color profiles to ICC-defined standards
- Rebuilds the document structure to comply with PDF/A-2b (the most widely accepted profile)
Verifying compliance
After conversion, validate with veraPDF (free, open-source). Some archival systems run their own validation on upload and reject non-compliant files with cryptic errors. Local validation first saves a round-trip.
Download veraPDF from verapdf.org, drag the converted file in, click Validate. You want to see "Compliant" with no validation errors.
What PDF/A doesn't change
- Visual appearance is identical to the original
- Text content unchanged
- Page count, page sizes preserved
- Hyperlinks survive
- Form fields survive (without scripts)
The only visible differences are slightly larger file sizes (from embedded fonts) and missing interactive elements (any JavaScript-driven behavior is gone).
Common rejection reasons
If your PDF/A gets rejected by a submission system:
- Fonts not embedded — happens with very custom or symbol fonts; replace them in the source if possible
- Wrong profile — system expects PDF/A-1b (older, stricter) but you submitted PDF/A-2b
- Transparency in PDF/A-1b — older profile doesn't allow it; either re-export without transparency or submit PDF/A-2b if accepted
Bottom line
Convert to PDF/A only when a system requires it. Validate with veraPDF before submitting. For everyday work, regular PDF is the right format.
Related articles
Converting a PDF Back to PowerPoint for Editing
When the original .pptx is lost but you have the exported PDF, you can get back to an editable (sort of) deck.
Converting a Web Page to PDF for Archival or Reference
Web pages disappear, change, or paywall over time. Archiving important ones as PDFs preserves them in a stable format.
Converting PDF to an Editable Word Document
When the PDF arrived but you need to edit it in Word, the right conversion depends on what kind of PDF it is.